About Domestic Violence

What is Domestic Violence?

Domestic violence is any form of abuse — physical, emotional, psychological, sexual, or financial — that happens in a close relationship, often involving a partner, family member, or someone living in the same household. It’s about one person trying to control or harm another through fear, threats, or force.

Types of Domestic Violence


01

Physical Abuse


The use of physical force against another person in a way that injures or endangers them.

  • Hitting, punching, slapping, kicking
  • Pushing or shoving
  • Strangling or choking
  • Using weapons or objects to harm
  • Locking someone in a room or physically restraining them

02

Psychological Abuse


Behavior that damages a person's self-esteem or causes psychological trauma.

  • Constant criticism or belittling
  • Name-calling or insults
  • Threatening to harm the victim, children, or pets
  • Gaslighting or manipulating reality
  • Isolating from friends, family, or support networks

03

Sexual Abuse


Any sexual act performed without a person's consent.

  • Rape or attempted rape
  • Forcing a partner to perform sexual acts
  • Unwanted touching or sexual advances
  • Withholding sex as control or punishment
  • Coercing sex through threats or manipulation

04

Financial Abuse


Controlling a person's ability to acquire, use, and maintain financial resources.

  • Preventing someone from working
  • Taking or controlling their money
  • Withholding access to bank accounts
  • Racking up debt in their name
  • Sabotaging employment or career opportunities

05

Verbal Abuse


The use of language to demean, dominate, or threaten.

  • Yelling or screaming
  • Constant blaming or accusing
  • Threats of harm or retaliation
  • Degrading or sarcastic remarks
  • Public humiliation or shaming

06

Digital Abuse


Using technology to harass, stalk, or control a partner.

  • Monitoring texts, calls, or social media
  • GPS tracking without consent
  • Sending threatening or demeaning messages
  • Posting private images online
  • Controlling access to phones or computers

07

Cultural Abuse


Using religion or cultural beliefs to manipulate, control, or punish someone.

  • Ridiculing religious beliefs
  • Preventing spiritual practices
  • Forcing adherence to customs
  • Using religious texts to justify abuse

08

Neglect (in care relationships)


Failing to provide necessary care or support, especially in elder or dependent care.

  • Withholding food or medication
  • Ignoring hygiene or health needs
  • Abandonment or deliberate inattention

Tiers of Domestic Violence


In the context of child and elder protection, cases are categorized into Tier 1 or Tier 2 based on the level of risk and safety concerns:

Tier 1

Low to Moderate Risk

Tier 1 involves low to moderate risk cases. These are usually handled by community-based services (e.g. Family Service Centres or Protection Specialist Centres) and focus on early intervention, support, and prevention for families under stress or showing early signs of concern.

Tier 2

High Risk

Tier 1 involves low to moderate risk cases. These are usually handled by community-based services (e.g. Family Service Centres or Protection Specialist Centres) and focus on early intervention, support, and prevention for families under stress or showing early signs of concern.

You can make a difference.

Everyone has a role in preventing abuse. You don’t have to be a professional or have all the answers. What matters is showing that abuse is not invisible, and survivors are not alone. Silence often enables harm—your voice can be a lifeline.

How and why you should help

Being a bystander doesn't mean being powerless. When you recognize signs of domestic violence and choose to intervene—whether through words, action, or support—you become part of the solution. Even the smallest gesture, like asking “Are you okay?” or offering resources, can interrupt a cycle of abuse. These acts create ripples, encouraging others to step up and sending a clear message that abuse is not tolerated.